Introduction to Bellona
Bellona is the Roman goddess of war, known for embodying violence, conquest, and destruction. She is often associated with Mars, the god of war, either as his sister, wife, or battle companion, although her exact origin varies according to myths. Bellona plays a fundamental role in Roman military culture, where she was worshiped to provide protection on the battlefield and ensure victory. Her cult is distinguished by bloody rites, such as the dies sanguinis (day of blood) on March 24, when Bellona’s priests, called Bellonarii, would mutilate themselves to offer their blood to the goddess.
Correspondence Table for Bellona
| Planet | Mars |
| Day | Tuesday |
| Number | 3 (linked to warrior triads) |
| Colors | Red and black (symbols of blood and destruction) |
| Sacred places | Temple on the Campus Martius in Rome, temple in York (England) |
| Offerings | Blood, miniature weapons, warrior symbols |
Symbol and Appearance of Bellona
Bellona is depicted as a woman wearing a plumed helmet and equipped with weapons, including a sword, a spear, a shield, or a bloodied whip. Sometimes, she is shown riding a war chariot, symbolizing speed and power. Her representation embodies violence and control over war, inspiring fear and reverence among Roman soldiers.
Genealogy of Bellona
Bellona is described as being of Sabine origin, and according to myths, she is said to be the daughter of Jupiter, although she is more often associated with Mars, either as his sister, wife, or daughter. Her cult may have been influenced by war deities from other cultures, such as Enyo in Greece and Ma in Cappadocia.
